Two cases of severe mitral regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension immediately after birth are presented. Initial echocardiographic findings showed a thick atrial septum rather than a normal flap septum. The patients were tentatively diagnosed with premature restriction of the foramen ovale and congenital mitral regurgitation. Subsequently, the mitral regurgitation resolved over time with improvement of pulmonary hypertension. The postnatal ductus arteriosus closure process was considered to be the cause of the mitral regurgitation and pulmonary hypertension.

As one of the primary medicinal species of Glycyrrhiza under state key protection, Glycyrrhiza iflata has the characteristics of light-loving, drought-tolerant, heat-resistant, and salt-tolerant, and belongs to the dominant species in Xinjiang extreme desert ecosystem. Based on 130 effective distribution records and 8 environmental factors in China, the Maxent model was used to construct the potential geographical distribution pattern of Glycyrrhiza iflata in the last glacial maximum, middle Holocene, modern and future (2050). Essence Results show that: (1) The key climate restrictions that affect the geographical distribution of Glycyrrhiza iflata is the average annual precipitation. (2) The modern area of Glycyrrhiza iflata is 18.3 × 105km2. (3) Under the low emission scenario from the last interglacial maximum to 2050, the potential habitable area is 18.1×105km2, and the reduced area is 4.2×105km2, with a reduction rate of 19.0%. The highly suitable area was 2.5×105km2, and the reduced area was 2.8×105km2, with a reduction rate of 52.6%. (4) From the last glaciation maximum to the middle Holocene, the geographical distribution center shifted to the southwest margin of the Kumtag Desert, Xinjiang. Since then, the geographical distribution center of Glycyrrhiza iflata will continue to migrate to the southwest, but it’s going to stabilize in the future (2050). These results provided theoretical basis for the protection, utilization, origin, and evolution of Glycyrrhiza iflata.

OBJECTIVES: There is a need for early identification and intervention of Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) to alleviate unacceptably growing burden, morbidity and mortality associated in People With Epilepsy (PWE). This study is aimed at identifying factors associated with ADR and medication adherence among patients in PWE. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study consisting of 940 consenting participants aged 16 years and above attending epilepsy clinics for period of 5years with diagnosis confirmed by International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) criteria and supported by Electroencephalography (EEG). 21-item Liverpool Adverse Effect Profile (LEAP) and 8-item. Morinsky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) were used to assess ADR and adherence respectively. RESULTS: The highest reported ADR in PWE were nervousness (34.3%), aggression (33.6%) and weight gain (32.3%). Specifically, (20.1%) of the participant complained of memory problem, while the lowest were hair loss (7.2%), trouble with mouth (8.9%) and problem with skin (9.3%). Using the MMAS, 545(90.2%), 28(4.6%) and 31(5.1%) of PWE in this study were classified as having high, medium, and low adherence, respectively. Duration of AEDs use and duration of epilepsy were the major determinant of ADR in PWE on regression model. CONCLUSION: Duration of AEDs use and duration of epilepsy are the major determinant of ADR in PWE. Effective strategies to identify and reduce ADR should be incorporated to management of PWE by Health Care Providers to improve their quality of life. Furthermore, physician should aim towards reducing the duration of AED use and the epilepsy.

A document by Nagaveni Somayaji. Click on the document to view its contents.

Root exudates serve as crucial mediators for the information exchange between plants and soil, which is an important evolutionary mechanism for plants to adapt to environmental changes. In this study, 15 different abiotic stress models were established using various stress factors, including drought (D), high temperature (T), nitrogen deficiency (N), and phosphorus deficiency (P) and their combinations. We investigated their effects on the seedling growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and the activities of

1. After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011, radionuclides have been detected in the tissues of wild animals. It was found that some individuals had higher radiocesium activity concentrations than others, despite being captured in the same area. One of the reasons for this disparity was attributed to migration from areas where radiocesium contamination level was different. 2. We identified the genetic population of Asian black bears using two genetic markers, such as mtDNA D-loop haplotype and SNPs by MIG-seq analysis. Then, we assessed migration between populations and variation in the radiocesium activity concentrations in the muscle tissue of distinct populations. 3. The SNPs analysis identified clearer two populations (SP1 and SP2) than the mtDNA analysis. Population distribution inferred based on SNPs was affected by geographic features and land use. 4. The radiocesium activity concentrations in muscle tissues in SP2 were higher than those in SP1. The radiocesium activity concentrations in muscle tissue were positively correlated with radiocesium contamination levels at the capture site. Since the radiocesium contamination levels at the capture sites of SP2 were higher than those of SP1, it was inferred that the levels of radiocesium contamination in each population would show a similar pattern. 5. Migration occurred between the genetic populations and migration rate differed between the genetic populations, with the rate of individuals migrating from SP2 to SP1 being smaller than that from SP1 to SP2. Therefore, it was suggested migration was responsible for some individuals having relatively higher radiocesium activity concentrations in muscle tissue, despite being captured in the same area. 6. This study is the first report that showed the genetic structure of Asian black bear in Fukushima Prefecture in fine scale, the migration rate between the populations, and the effect of migration on the variation of radiocesium activity concentration.

Introduction:Snapping at the lateral knee can be caused by a variety of pathologies involving surrounding soft tissue structures such as the popliteus, semitendinosus and/or gracilis tendons, IT Band syndrome, lateral meniscus tears, or rheumatoid nodules.1-4snapping In rare instances, lateral knee pain may also be caused by the distal tendon of the biceps femoris long head shifting over the fibular head.5-6 Regardless, the various differential diagnoses should be properly ruled out by a careful history, a detailed physical exam, and advanced imaging.Few cases of snapping biceps femoris tendons have been recorded in the literature across various case reports. Causes of the snapping biceps femoris tendon have been attributed to anomalous insertions (most prevalent), 7-16 tendon subluxation,17-18 abnormalities of the fibular head,19-23 or secondary to trauma. 6, 24 Conservative treatment is usually attempted first and consists of physical therapy and anti-inflammatory medications as needed. Surgery, which is usually the last resort and the most effective, consists of resecting the anomalous tendon insertion or correcting any fibular deformities.In this report, we present a patient with lateral knee pain from an accessory insertion of the snapping biceps femoris tendon and discuss surgical exploration and repair. The patient was informed that his case would be submitted for publication and he provided consent.

Halophilic microorganisms play a crucial role in plant health and growth in salinity affected lands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the haloarchaeal diversity from the rhizosphere of halophytes and plant growth promoting abilities of these strains. The whole genome sequences of two haloarchaeal strains, Halorubrum lacusprofundi HL1RP11 and Halobacterium noricense NRS2HaP9, were analyzed, and genes related to plant growth promoting traits were identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that archaeal strains of Halococcus, Halorubrum, Halobacterium and Natrinema were dominant in the rhizosphere of halophytes. More than 60% of the strains were positive for phosphate solubilization and IAA production. About 50% of strains were positive for nitrogen fixation, while 33% were siderophore producers. More than 40% of haloarchaeal strains showed the heavy metal resistance for Nickel, Cadmium, Chromium and Zinc at a concentration of 5 mM. Genes involved in plant growth promotion were identified through annotation. Gene clusters related to secondary metabolites including phenazine, siderophore production and terpene were also identified in this study. Our results suggested that these haloarchaeal strains can be used as an eco-friendly biofertilizer to improve growth and productivity in hypersaline environment.

A 46-year-old woman underwent pericardiocentesis and pericardial window for recurrent pericardial effusion. She presented 17 months later with signs and symptoms consistent with constrictive pericarditis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed an infiltrative mass surrounding the pericardium. A transcutaneous core needle biopsy of the pericardium confirmed the diagnosis of pericardial mesothelioma.

To improve the detection rate of pulmonary nodules in early lung cancer screening, a low-dose CT pulmonary nodule detection algorithm based on 3D CNN-CapsNet (3D convolution neural network and capsule network) was presented. However, the convolution kernel size of the traditional CNN is relatively simple at each layer, and it is difficult to obtain more abundant features, which is not effective for medical images with a hierarchical structure and does not fully consider the spatial information of medical sequence data. CapsNet is a new network architecture that can be used to classify, using a group of neurons as a capsule to replace the traditional neural networks, it may be made to the attribute information and spatial feature extraction. The network structure we designed includes FCN and CapsNet. First, the convolution kernels of different sizes are used to extract features at different scales. Then enter the initial feature map to obtain the first part into the designed CapsNet to get the final classification result. Through the experimental verification of the ELCAP database, the nodule detection rate is 95.19%, the sensitivity is 92.31%, the specificity is 98.08% and the F1-score is 0.95 which are much better than other baseline methods.

Rationale: The United States has one of the highest healthcare expenditures among developed nations despite performing poorly on health metrics and access to care. Wasteful healthcare expenditures in the US not only affect patients but also have broader implications for public health. Aims and objectives: To identify major sources that contribute to wasteful spending in the US healthcare system. Method: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies on wasteful expenditures burdening the US healthcare system. Search terms such as “wasteful expenditures,” “healthcare costs,” and “inefficiencies in US healthcare” were used in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Full-text peer-reviewed articles, reports, internet articles, and policy documents were included in the study. Studies published in languages other than English were excluded. No ethical approval was required for this review as the analysis was conducted on previously published literature. Results: Approximately a third of US healthcare spending is considered wasteful. According to the Institute of Medicine, excess costs have been associated with unnecessary services, inefficient delivery of services, high service prices, excessive administrative costs, low emphasis on prevention, and fraud. Other factors that were identified to affect the healthcare experience for patients included insurance payment denials, high out-of-pocket expenses, and administrative complexities. Overcoming these aspects might result in annual savings that can range up to $282 billion. Additionally, the US has greater preventable and treatable mortality rates than other nations due to increasing chronic diseases, emphasizing the need for greater utility of preventive and primary care services. Despite the ACA’s intention to include preventive services in health plans, obstacles persist in their consistent integration across states. Conclusion: In summary, improving access to care by increasing affordability and prioritizing preventive care services can substantially reduce unnecessary costs to the US healthcare system.

After using epidural electrical stimulation to reduce spastic pains in spinal cord injury sufferers from long ago, more recently the possibility of its usage in improving motor abilities has been proposed and shown in some human clinical trials. This systematic review searches 4 important databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus and web of science in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines to find relevant human clinical trials and extract their data to get the most accurate conclusion and possibly consider the use of epidural electrical stimulation more seriously and extensively to help spinal cord injury patients struggling for their most basic skills. We concluded that epidural electrical stimulation has had notable effect on regain of walking even in those with chronic complete paralysis.

This article examines the effects of video compression on the believable integration of computer-generated (CG) characters among live-action film elements. Compression is requisite for the delivery of moving-image content to a variety of end-user applications. The most common standards for compressing consumer-targeted video content provide separate pros and cons depending on the type of footage and the degree of compression required. This research investigates to what extent the type and degree of compression impacts how well virtual actors (vactors) appear to coexist within profilmic scenes. By extension, what visual results linked to compression have the greatest impact on compromising a vactor’s believable integration within a shot? Analyses of two feature films and two web-based promotional films at various compression strengths provide data that suggests compression is more detrimental to the believability of CG versus profilmic characters. Additionally, as compression strength increases, CG characters become more graphically abstracted – negatively impacting the quality of their visual integration – whereas profilmic actors remain recognisably human and plausibly integrated. This research provides novel insights regarding the relationship between the finished video product as delivered by a film company versus how it may be perceived when viewed at different formats by audiences.

By drawing nutrients from the traditional culture of the She ethnic group, and by using the unique cultural elements of the She ethnic group as explicit image carriers to convey the implicit folk customs and beliefs of the She ethnic group, the animation works are endowed with the cultural connotations of the She ethnic group, while at the same time providing a carrier for the inheritance and development of the traditional culture of the She ethnic group.The animation work “She Herbs” takes the application of traditional She culture and animation creation as the main theme, and studies how to reasonably apply traditional She cultural elements in the script story, character design, scene design, art style design and sound design in the creation of animation art, so as to make it an animation design work with regional cultural characteristics, so that the artistic expression and ideology can be better integrated in the work. The attempt to combine the rich and colourful traditional culture of the She people with animation has brought a rich source of inspiration and creative nourishment to the creation of the short animated art film “She Herbs”.

In figure 1, word Model was misspelled as Madel and the lead is Model 6937. The correct figure 1 is below:

DisseminatedMycobacterium fortuitum infection in a young girl withIFN-γR1 defect masquerading as histiocytosisArchan Sila, Suprit Basua, Jhumki Dasa, Sunil Sethib, Debajyoti Chatterjee c, Pandiarajan Vignesha, Deepti Suria, Ankur Kumar Jindala*aAllergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India- 160012bDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India- 160012cDepartment of Histopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India- 160012

In order for weightlifters to achieve good technical skills in clean & jerk, a study of kinematic analysis and optimization of jerk using elasticity of weightlifting bar in clean & jerk is conducted. First of all, barbell’s trajectory, which leads to derivation of barbell’s velocity and acceleration over time, is tracked from video clip filmed the lifter’s performance by image processing technology including pattern recognition. Since clean lift in clean & jerk is similar to snatch lift in principle, focus is only on jerk just after finish of clean lift. Five kinematic characteristics- “Jerk-Preparing-Time”, “Jerk-Drive-Velocity”, “Jerk-Time”, “Jerk-Offset” and “Jerk-Drop” are newly introduced to evaluate the jerk technique. Then, a kinematic model which is comprised of springs and dashpots is proposed in order to simulate and optimize the jerk using elasticity of weightlifting bar. Spring constant and damping coefficient of the model is estimated by analyzing the barbell’s oscillation on the shoulder. Besides, spring constant is calculated by theory of bending of beam, as well. Finally, an optimal control problem based on the proposed kinematic model is formulated and solved to optimize the jerk. The methodology is illustrated with case study, showing good agreement with actual lifts. It could be useful for optimizing clean & jerk technique.

URLs are fundamental elements of web applications. By applying vector algorithms, we built a fast standard-compliant C++ implementation. Our parser uses three times fewer instructions than competing parsers following WHATWG URL standard (e.g., Servo’s rust-url) and up to eight times fewer instructions than the popular curl parser. The Node.js environment adopted our C++ library. In our tests on realistic data, a recent Node.js version (20.0) with our parser is four to five times faster than the last version with the legacy URL parser.

Engineering systems have been designed to facilitate society. These systems can be seen everywhere in our daily lives ranging from electrical systems to mechanical systems, and from bio-medical systems to industrial systems. With tight coupling with information and communication technology (ICT), these engineering systems can be even controlled and monitored remotely. These systems are supported massively with sensors through which they capture enormous data, which is then used to improve the performance of the systems. Moreover, complex processes are involved in the overall functioning of these engineering systems. The management of data and processes within these engineering systems has been done through traditional ways such as database management systems or spread sheets, however, involvement of multiple parties makes these engineering systems more complex to operate, track, and audit. Blockchain technology has the potential to replace traditional database systems and offers a level of trust in an untrusted environment. With features of immutability, traceability, transparency, availability, and decentralization, blockchain technology is a good match for engineering systems. Blockchain technology can help in supply chain in these engineering systems, but it can also be used to facilitate data, process, and parties. Considering enormous applications of blockchain technology in engineering systems, this Special Issue in Wiley Engineering Reports invited for the original scientific and technical contributions.

Habitat loss and fragmentation are growing global threats to natural habitats and their networks, posing significant challenges to biodiversity conservation. Among the most vulnerable ecosystems, ponds stand out due to their small sizes exhibiting global declines in numbers and extent. While it is generally agreed that connectivity in habitat networks is crucial for sustaining biodiversity, the effect of connectivity on biodiversity patterns over small-scaled habitat networks has so far received less attention given the general assumption that metacommunities lack spatial structuring on small scales. In this study, we tested whether this holds for multiple passively and actively dispersing organism groups in a well-delineated pond metacommunity of 54 bomb crater ponds situated within 1 km. We investigated the influence of space and environment on species richness and metacommunity structure in these ponds, which share similar age, size, and shape and are subject to strong environmental gradients, making it an ideal study system. We specifically examined the impact of network centrality on species richness and eigenvector-based spatial arrangement on metacommunity structure across different organism groups, including prokaryotes, microeukaryotes, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and amphibians. We found that while environmental filtering is the primary driver of community dynamics, there is also a significant spatial signal, particularly for passively dispersing groups, demonstrating the role of the central-peripheral connectivity gradient. These findings highlight the importance of studying and protecting ponds as parts of a network rather than focusing on individual ponds.

Polymer surfactants are key components of cell culture media as they prevent mechanical damage during fermentation in stirred bioreactors. Among cell-protecting surfactants, Pluronics are widely utilized in biomanufacturing to ensure high cell viability and productivity. Mono-dispersity of monomer sequence and length is critical for the effectiveness of Pluronics - since minor deviations can damage the cells - but is challenging to achieve due to the stochastic nature of polymerization. Responding to this challenge, this study introduces Peptonics, a novel family of peptide and peptoid surfactants whose monomer composition and sequence are de-signed to achieve high cell viability and productivity at a fraction of chain length and cost of Pluronics. A designed ensemble of Peptonics was initially characterized via light scattering and tensiometry to select sequences whose phase behavior and tensioactivity align with those of Pluronics. Selected sequences were evaluated as cell-protecting surfactants using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb). Peptonics IH-T1010, ih-T1010, and ih-T1020 afforded high cell density (up to 3·107 cells·mL-1) and viability (up to 95% within 10 days of culture), while reducing the accumulation of ammonia (a toxic metabolite) by ~10% compared to Pluronic F-68. Improved cell viability afforded high mAb titer (up to 5.5 mg·mL-1) and extended the production window beyond 14 days; notably, Peptonic IH-T1020 decreased mAb fragmentation and aggregation ~5%, and lowered the titer of host cell proteins by 16% compared to Pluronic F-68. These features can improve significantly purification of mAbs, thus increasing their availability at lower cost to patients.

Wildlife cameras have emerged over the recent years as an effective research tool for collecting various types of data on wild animals, and they are used increasingly also in avian studies. However, choosing the best method to collect data depends on the aim of the research and the characteristics of the target species and its habitat. Here, we compared the performance of game cameras taking images by passive infrared motion sensitive (PIR) and time-lapse triggering in gathering occurrence and relative abundance data of the taiga bean goose (Anser fabalis fabalis) in peatlands across Finland in 2020-2021. We found the time lapse trigger mode to be more efficient in collecting data on goose presence than PIR triggering. However, there was no significant difference in the goose numbers between the two trigger modes. We also found the capture probability and relative abundance to vary between years, but this could be attributed to random inter-annual variation. In general, we find time lapse to be a more suitable method to study elusive ground dwelling birds like the taiga bean goose due to fewer required visits to camera sites compared to motion triggered cameras that may produce a lot of empty images due to false triggering. This reduces the disturbance to the geese and other wildlife during the sensitive breeding period.

The calculation of the exact value of the square root of 2 is requested. In order to obtain its infinite value, A new concept is proposed where the accumulations of the infinitely many of finity is indicated by the change in direction which means that there is a jump from finity to infinity .The meaningless for an infinite number with a decimal point is indicated by this jump because any decimal number only have meanings within a finite range values and there is only an infinite integer quantity that can not be operated by algorithms like operations of multiplication，division,addition, and subtraction . The final result of the change in direction is two quantity where the second quantity and the first quantity extend in parallel line and never intersect and the second quantity represent the size of the first quantity. The first quantity is the infinitely great that can’t be talked about anything outside of it and can compress any quantities outside of it to nothing and it is the exact value of the square root of 2 .

The FLOWERING LOCUS T ( FT) gene is the essential integrator of flowering regulatory pathways in angiosperms. The paralogs of the FT gene may perform antagonistic functions, as exemplified by BvFT1, that suppresses flowering in Beta vulgaris, unlike the paralogous activator BvFT2. The roles of FT genes in other amaranths were less investigated. Here, we transformed Arabidopsis thaliana with the FLOWERING LOCUS T like ( FTL) genes of Chenopodium ficifolium and found, that both CfFTL1 and CfFTL2-1 accelerated flowering, despite having been the homologs of the Beta vulgaris floral promoter and suppressor, respectively. The floral promotive effect of CfFTL2-1 was so strong that it caused lethality when overexpressed under the 35S promoter. CfFTL2-1 placed in inducible cassette accelerated flowering after the induction with methoxyphenozide. The spontaneous induction of CfFTL2-1 led to precocious flowering in some primary transformants even without chemical induction. The CqFT2-1 homolog from Chenopodium quinoa had the same impact on viability and flowering as CfFTL2-1, when transferred to A. thaliana. After the FTL gene duplication in Amaranthaceae, the FTL1 copy maintained the role of floral activator. The second copy FTL2 underwent subsequent duplication and functional diversification, which enabled to control the onset of flowering in amaranths to adapt to variable environments.